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Warning, /doc/examples/global_oce_in_p/global_oce_in_p.rst is written in an unsupported language. File is not indexed.
view on githubraw file Latest commit 0bad585a on 2022-02-16 18:55:09 UTC1c8cebb321 Jeff*0001 .. _sec_global_oce_in_p_coor: d67096e55c Jeff*0002 0003 Global Ocean Simulation in Pressure Coordinates 0004 =============================================== 0005 0006 (in directory: :filelink:`verification/tutorial_global_oce_in_p/`) 0007 0008 This example experiment demonstrates using MITgcm to simulate the 0009 planetary ocean circulation in pressure coordinates, that is, without 0010 making the Boussinesq approximations. The simulation is configured as a near 0011 copy of tutorial_global_oce_latlon 0012 (:numref:`sec_global_oce_latlon`). with realistic geography and 0013 bathymetry on a :math:`4^{\circ} \times 0014 4^{\circ}` spherical polar grid. Fifteen levels are used in the 0015 vertical, ranging in thickness from 0016 50.4089 dbar :math:`\approx` 50 m at the surface to 0017 710.33 dbar :math:`\approx` 690 m at depth, giving a 0018 maximum model depth of 0019 5302.3122 dbar :math:`\approx` 5200 m. At this 0020 resolution, the configuration can be integrated forward for thousands of 0021 years on a single processor desktop computer. 0022 0023 Overview 0024 -------- 0025 0026 The model is forced with climatological wind stress data from 0027 Trenberth (1990) :cite:`trenberth:90` and surface flux data from Jiang et al. (1999) 0028 :cite:`jiang:99`. Climatological data (Levitus and Boyer 1994a,b :cite:`levitus:94a,levitus:94b`) 0029 is used to initialize the model 0030 hydrography. Levitus and Boyer seasonal climatology 0031 data is also used throughout the calculation to provide additional 0032 air-sea fluxes. These fluxes are combined with the Jiang et al. climatological 0033 estimates of surface heat flux, resulting in a mixed boundary condition 0034 of the style described in Haney (1971) :cite:`haney:71`. Altogether, this 0035 yields the following forcing applied in the model surface layer. 0036 0037 .. math:: 0038 {\cal F}_{u} = g\frac{\tau_{x}}{\Delta p_{s}} 0039 :label: eg-global_forcing_fu_pcoord 0040 0041 .. math:: 0042 {\cal F}_{v} = g\frac{\tau_{y}}{\Delta p_{s}} 0043 :label: eg-global_forcing_fv_pcoord 0044 0045 .. math:: 0046 {\cal F}_{\theta} = - g\lambda_{\theta} ( \theta - \theta^{\ast} ) 0047 - \frac{1}{C_{p} \Delta p_{s}}{\cal Q} 0048 :label: eg-global_forcing_ft_pcoord 0049 0050 .. math:: 0051 {\cal F}_{s} = 0052 + g\rho_{FW}\frac{S}{\rho\Delta p_{s}}({\cal E} - {\cal P} - {\cal R}) 0053 :label: eg-global_forcing_fs_pcoord 0054 0055 where :math:`{\cal F}_{u}`, :math:`{\cal F}_{v}`, 0056 :math:`{\cal F}_{\theta}`, :math:`{\cal F}_{s}` are the forcing terms in 0057 the zonal and meridional momentum and in the potential temperature and 0058 salinity equations respectively. The term :math:`\Delta p_{s}` 0059 represents the top ocean layer thickness in Pa. It is used in 0060 conjunction with a reference density, :math:`\rho_{FW}` (here set to 0061 999.8 kg m\ :sup:`-3`), the surface salinity, :math:`S`, and a 0062 specific heat capacity, :math:`C_{p}` (here set to 0063 4000 J kg\ :sup:`-1` K\ :sup:`-1`), to convert 0064 input dataset values into time tendencies of potential temperature (with 0065 units of :sup:`o`\ C s\ :sup:`-1`), salinity (with units 0066 ppt s\ :sup:`-1`) and velocity (with units m s\ :sup:`-2`). 0067 The externally supplied forcing fields used in this experiment are 0068 :math:`\tau_{x}`, :math:`\tau_{y}`, :math:`\theta^{\ast}`, 0069 :math:`\cal{Q}` and :math:`\cal{E}-\cal{P}-\cal{R}`. The wind stress 0070 fields (:math:`\tau_x`, :math:`\tau_y`) have units of 0071 N m\ :sup:`-2`. The temperature forcing fields 0072 (:math:`\theta^{\ast}` and :math:`Q`) have units of 0073 :sup:`o`\ C and W m\ :sup:`-2` respectively. 0074 The salinity forcing fields (:math:`\cal{E}-\cal{P}-\cal{R}`) has units of 0075 m s\ :sup:`-1` respectively. The source files and 0076 procedures for ingesting these data into the simulation are described in 0077 the experiment configuration discussion in section 0078 :numref:`sec_eg-global-clim_ocn_examp_exp_config`. 0079 0080 Discrete Numerical Configuration 0081 -------------------------------- 0082 0083 Due to the pressure coordinate, the model can only be hydrostatic (de Szoeke and Samelson 2002 0084 :cite:`deszoeke:02`). The domain is discretized with a uniform 0085 grid spacing in latitude and longitude on the sphere 0086 :math:`\Delta \phi=\Delta 0087 \lambda=4^{\circ}`, so that there are 90 grid cells in the zonal and 0088 40 in the meridional direction. The internal model coordinate 0089 variables :math:`x` and :math:`y` are initialized according to 0090 0091 .. math:: 0092 0093 \begin{aligned} 0bad585a21 Navi*0094 x=r\cos(\phi),~\Delta x & = r\cos(\Delta \phi) \\ 0095 y=r\lambda,~\Delta y & = r\Delta \lambda \end{aligned} d67096e55c Jeff*0096 0097 Arctic polar regions are not included in this experiment. Meridionally 0098 the model extends from 80\ :sup:`o`\ S to 0099 80\ :sup:`o`\ N. Vertically the model is configured with 0100 fifteen layers with the following thicknesses 0101 0102 | :math:`\Delta p_{1}` = 7103300.720021 Pa 0103 | :math:`\Delta p_{2}` = 6570548.440790 Pa 0104 | :math:`\Delta p_{3}` = 6041670.010249 Pa 0105 | :math:`\Delta p_{4}` = 5516436.666057 Pa 0106 | :math:`\Delta p_{5}` = 4994602.034410 Pa 0107 | :math:`\Delta p_{6}` = 4475903.435290 Pa 0108 | :math:`\Delta p_{7}` = 3960063.245801 Pa 0109 | :math:`\Delta p_{8}` = 3446790.312651 Pa 0110 | :math:`\Delta p_{9}` = 2935781.405664 Pa 0111 | :math:`\Delta p_{10}` = 2426722.705046 Pa 0112 | :math:`\Delta p_{11}` = 1919291.315988 Pa 0113 | :math:`\Delta p_{12}` = 1413156.804970 Pa 0114 | :math:`\Delta p_{13}` = 1008846.750166 Pa 0115 | :math:`\Delta p_{14}` = 705919.025481 Pa 0116 | :math:`\Delta p_{15}` = 504089.693499 Pa 0117 0118 (here the numeric subscript indicates the model level index number, 0119 :math:`{\tt k}`; note that the surface layer has the highest index 0120 number 15) to give a total depth, :math:`H`, of -5200 m. In 0121 pressure, this is :math:`p_{b}^{0}` = 53023122.566084 Pa. The 0122 implicit free surface form of the pressure equation described in 0123 Marshall et al. (1997) :cite:`marshall:97a` with the nonlinear extension by Campin et al. (2004) 0124 :cite:`cam:04` is employed. A Laplacian operator, 0125 :math:`\nabla^2`, provides viscous dissipation. Thermal and haline 0126 diffusion is also represented by a Laplacian operator. 0127 0128 Wind-stress forcing is added to the momentum equations in 0129 :eq:`eg-global-model_equations_pcoord_uv` for both the 0130 zonal flow, :math:`u` and the meridional flow :math:`v`, according to 0131 equations :eq:`eg-global_forcing_fu_pcoord` and :eq:`eg-global_forcing_fv_pcoord`. Thermodynamic 0132 forcing inputs are added to the equations in 0133 :eq:`eg-global-model_equations_pcoord_ts` for potential 0134 temperature, :math:`\theta`, and salinity, :math:`S`, according to 0135 equations :eq:`eg-global_forcing_ft_pcoord` and :eq:`eg-global_forcing_fs_pcoord`. This produces a set 0136 of equations solved in this configuration as follows: 0137 0138 .. math:: 0139 :label: eg-global-model_equations_pcoord_uv 0140 0141 \frac{Du}{Dt} - fv + 0bad585a21 Navi*0142 \frac{1}{\rho}\frac{\partial \Phi^\prime}{\partial x} - 0143 \nabla _h \cdot ( A_{h} \nabla _h u )- 0144 (g\rho_0)^2\frac{\partial}{\partial p}\left( A_{r}\frac{\partial u}{\partial p}\right) d67096e55c Jeff*0145 &= 0146 \begin{cases} 0147 {\cal F}_u & \text{(surface)} \\ 0148 0 & \text{(interior)} 0149 \end{cases} 0150 \\ 0151 \frac{Dv}{Dt} + fu + 0bad585a21 Navi*0152 \frac{1}{\rho}\frac{\partial \Phi^\prime}{\partial y} - 0153 \nabla _h \cdot ( A_{h} \nabla _h v) - 0154 (g\rho_0)^2\frac{\partial}{\partial p}\left( A_{r}\frac{\partial v}{\partial p}\right) d67096e55c Jeff*0155 &= 0156 \begin{cases} 0157 {\cal F}_v & \text{(surface)} \\ 0158 0 & \text{(interior)} 0159 \end{cases} 0160 0161 .. math:: 0bad585a21 Navi*0162 \frac{\partial p_{b}}{\partial t} + \nabla _h \cdot \vec{\bf u} = 0 d67096e55c Jeff*0163 0164 .. math:: 0165 :label: eg-global-model_equations_pcoord_ts 0166 0167 \frac{D\theta}{Dt} - 0bad585a21 Navi*0168 \nabla _h \cdot (K_{h} \nabla _h \theta) 0169 - (g\rho_0)^2\frac{\partial}{\partial p}\left( \Gamma(K_{r})\frac{\partial\theta}{\partial p}\right) d67096e55c Jeff*0170 &= 0171 \begin{cases} 0172 {\cal F}_\theta & \text{(surface)} \\ 0173 0 & \text{(interior)} 0174 \end{cases} 0175 \\ 0bad585a21 Navi*0176 \frac{D S}{Dt} - 0177 \nabla _h \cdot (K_{h} \nabla _h S) 0178 - (g\rho_0)^2\frac{\partial}{\partial p}\left( \Gamma(K_{r})\frac{\partial S}{\partial p}\right) d67096e55c Jeff*0179 &= 0180 \begin{cases} 0bad585a21 Navi*0181 {\cal F}_S & \text{(surface)} \\ d67096e55c Jeff*0182 0 & \text{(interior)} 0183 \end{cases} 0184 0185 .. math:: 0186 \Phi_{-H}'^{(0)} + \alpha_{0}p_{b}+ \int^{p}_{0}\alpha' dp = \Phi' 0187 0188 where :math:`u=\frac{Dx}{Dt}=r \cos(\phi)\frac{D \lambda}{Dt}` and 0189 :math:`v=\frac{Dy}{Dt}=r \frac{D \phi}{Dt}` are the zonal and meridional 0bad585a21 Navi*0190 components of the flow vector, :math:`\vec{\bf u}`, on the sphere. As d67096e55c Jeff*0191 described in :numref:`discret_algorithm`, the time evolution of potential 0192 temperature :math:`\theta` equation is solved prognostically. The full 0193 geopotential height :math:`\Phi` is diagnosed by summing the 0194 geopotential height anomalies :math:`\Phi'` due to bottom pressure 0195 :math:`p_{b}` and density variations. The integration of the hydrostatic 0196 equation is started at the bottom of the domain. The condition of 0197 :math:`p=0` at the sea surface requires a time-independent integration 0198 constant for the height anomaly due to density variations 0199 :math:`\Phi_{-H}'^{(0)}`, which is provided as an input field. 0200 0201 .. _sec_eg-globalpressure-config: 0202 0203 Experiment Configuration 0204 ------------------------ 0205 0206 The experiment files 0207 0208 - :filelink:`verification/tutorial_global_oce_in_p/input/data` 0209 0210 - :filelink:`verification/tutorial_global_oce_in_p/input/data.pkg` 0211 0212 - :filelink:`verification/tutorial_global_oce_in_p/input/eedata` 0213 0214 - ``verification/tutorial_global_oce_in_p/input/topog.bin`` 0215 0216 - ``verification/tutorial_global_oce_in_p/input/deltageopotjmd95.bin`` 0217 0218 - ``verification/tutorial_global_oce_in_p/input/lev_s.bin`` 0219 0220 - ``verification/tutorial_global_oce_in_p/input/lev_t.bin`` 0221 0222 - ``verification/tutorial_global_oce_in_p/input/trenberth_taux.bin`` 0223 0224 - ``verification/tutorial_global_oce_in_p/input/trenberth_tauy.bin`` 0225 0226 - ``verification/tutorial_global_oce_in_p/input/lev_sst.bin`` 0227 0228 - ``verification/tutorial_global_oce_in_p/input/shi_qnet.bin`` 0229 0230 - ``verification/tutorial_global_oce_in_p/input/shi_empmr.bin`` 0231 0232 - :filelink:`verification/tutorial_global_oce_in_p/code/CPP_OPTIONS.h` 0233 0234 - :filelink:`verification/tutorial_global_oce_in_p/code/SIZE.h` 0235 0236 contain the code customizations and parameter settings for these 0237 experiments. Below we describe the customizations to these files 0238 associated with this experiment. 0239 0240 Driving Datasets 0241 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 0242 0243 :numref:`fig_sim_config_tclim_pcoord`-:numref:`fig_sim_config_empmr_pcoord` 0244 show the relaxation temperature (:math:`\theta^{\ast}`) and salinity 0245 (:math:`S^{\ast}`) fields, the wind stress components (:math:`\tau_x` 0246 and :math:`\tau_y`), the heat flux (:math:`Q`) and the net fresh water 0247 flux (:math:`{\cal E} - {\cal P} - {\cal R}`) used in equations 0248 :eq:`eg-global_forcing_fu_pcoord` - :eq:`eg-global_forcing_fs_pcoord`. 0249 The figures also indicate the lateral extent and coastline used in the 0250 experiment. :numref:`fig_model_bathymetry_pcoord` 0251 shows the depth contours of the model domain. 0252 0253 .. figure:: ../global_oce_latlon/figs/sst.png 0254 :width: 90% 0255 :align: center 0256 :alt: restoring sst field 0257 :name: fig_sim_config_tclim_pcoord 0258 0259 Annual mean of relaxation temperature (:sup:`o`\ C) 0260 0261 .. figure:: ../global_oce_latlon/figs/sss.png 0262 :width: 90% 0263 :align: center 0264 :alt: restoring sss field 0265 :name: fig_sim_config_sclim_pcoord 0266 ba0b047096 Mart*0267 Annual mean of relaxation salinity (g/kg) d67096e55c Jeff*0268 0269 .. figure:: ../global_oce_latlon/figs/tx.png 0270 :width: 90% 0271 :align: center 0272 :alt: forcing tau_x field 0273 :name: fig_sim_config_taux_pcoord 0274 0275 Annual mean of zonal wind stress component (N m\ :sup:`-2`) 0276 0277 .. figure:: ../global_oce_latlon/figs/ty.png 0278 :width: 90% 0279 :align: center 0280 :alt: forcing tau_y field 0281 :name: fig_sim_config_tauy_pcoord 0282 0283 Annual mean of meridional wind stress component (N m\ :sup:`-2`) 0284 0285 .. figure:: figs/qnet.png 0286 :width: 90% 0287 :align: center 0288 :alt: forcing qnet field 0289 :name: fig_sim_config_qnet_pcoord 0290 0291 Annual mean heat flux (W m\ :sup:`-2`) 0292 0293 .. figure:: figs/emp.png 0294 :width: 90% 0295 :align: center 0296 :alt: forcing emp field 0297 :name: fig_sim_config_empmr_pcoord 0298 0299 Annual mean freshwater flux (Evaporation-Precipitation) (m s\ :sup:`-1`) 0300 0301 .. figure:: figs/pb0.png 0302 :width: 90% 0303 :align: center 0304 :alt: model bathymetry in pressure 0305 :name: fig_model_bathymetry_pcoord 0306 0307 Model bathymetry in pressure units (Pa) 0308 0309 File :filelink:`input/data <verification/tutorial_global_oce_in_p/input/data>` 0310 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 0311 0312 .. literalinclude:: ../../../verification/tutorial_global_oce_in_p/input/data 0313 :linenos: 0314 :caption: verification/tutorial_global_oce_oce_in_p/input/data 0315 0316 This file specifies the main parameters 0317 for the experiment. The parameters that are significant for this 0318 configuration are 0319** Warning **
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0320 - Line 9–10, 0321 0322 :: 0323 0324 viscAh=3.E5, 0325 no_slip_sides=.TRUE. 0326 0327 these lines set the horizontal Laplacian frictional dissipation 0328 coefficient to :math:`3 \times 10^{5}` m\ :sup:`2` s\ :sup:`-1` and specify 0329 a no-slip boundary condition for this operator, i.e., :math:`u=0` 0330 along boundaries in :math:`y` and :math:`v=0` along boundaries in 0331 :math:`x`. 0332 0333 - Lines 11-13, 0334 0335 :: 0336 0337 viscAr =1.721611620915750e5, 0338 #viscAz =1.67E-3, 0339 no_slip_bottom=.FALSE., 0340 0341 These lines set the vertical Laplacian frictional dissipation 0342 coefficient to :math:`1.721611620915750 \times 10^{5}` Pa\ :sup:`2` s\ :sup:`-1`, 0343 which corresponds to 0344 :math:`1.67\times10^{-3}` m\ :sup:`2` s\ :sup:`-1` in the commented 0345 line, and specify a free slip boundary condition for this operator, i.e., 0346 :math:`\frac{\partial u}{\partial p}=\frac{\partial v}{\partial p}=0` 0347 at :math:`p=p_{b}^{0}`, where :math:`p_{b}^{0}` is the local bottom 0348 pressure of the domain at rest. Note that the factor 0349 :math:`(g\rho)^2` needs to be included in this value. 0350 0351 - Line 14, 0352 0353 :: 0354 0355 diffKhT=1.E3, 0356 0357 this line sets the horizontal diffusion coefficient for temperature 0358 to 1000 m\ :sup:`2` s\ :sup:`-1`. The boundary condition on this 0359 operator is 0360 :math:`\frac{\partial}{\partial x}=\frac{\partial}{\partial y}=0` 0361 on all boundaries. 0362** Warning **
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0363 - Line 15–16, 0364 0365 :: 0366 0367 diffKrT=5.154525811125000e3, 0368 #diffKzT=0.5E-4, 0369 0370 this line sets the vertical diffusion coefficient for temperature to 0371 :math:`5.154525811125 \times 10^{3}` Pa\ :sup:`2` s\ :sup:`-1`, which 0372 corresponds to :math:`5\times10^{-4}` m\ :sup:`2` s\ :sup:`-1` in the 0373 commented line. Note that the factor :math:`(g\rho)^2` needs to be 0374 included in this value. The boundary condition on this operator is 0375 :math:`\frac{\partial}{\partial p}=0` at both the upper and lower 0376 boundaries. 0377** Warning **
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0378 - Line 17–19, 0379 0380 :: 0381 0382 diffKhS=1.E3, 0383 diffKrS=5.154525811125000e3, 0384 #diffKzS=0.5E-4, 0385 0386 These lines set the diffusion coefficients for 0387 salinity to the same value as for temperature. 0388** Warning **
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0389 - Line 21–23, 0390 0391 :: 0392 0393 implicitDiffusion=.TRUE., 0394 ivdc_kappa=1.030905162225000E9, 0395 #ivdc_kappa=10.0, 0396 0397 Select implicit diffusion as a convection scheme and set coefficient 0398 for implicit vertical diffusion to 0399 :math:`1.030905162225\times10^{9}` Pa\ :sup:`2` s\ :sup:`-1`, which corresponds to 0400 10 m\ :sup:`2` s\ :sup:`-1`. 0401 0402 - Line 24, 0403 0404 :: 0405 0406 gravity=9.81, 0407 0408 This line sets the gravitational acceleration coefficient to 0409 9.81 m s\ :sup:`-1`. 0410 0411 - Line 25, 0412 0413 :: 0414 0415 rhoConst=1035., 0416 0417 sets the reference density of sea water to 1035 kg m\ :sup:`-3`. 0418 0419 - Line 29, 0420 0421 :: 0422 0423 eosType='JMD95P', 0424 0425 Selects the full equation of state according to Jackett and McDougall (1995) 0426 :cite:`jackett:95`. Note that the only other sensible choice here could be 0427 the equation of state by McDougall et al. (2003) :cite:`mcdougall:03`, ``MDJFW``. 0428 Other model choices for equations of state do not make sense in this 0429 configuration. 0430 0431 - Line 28-29, 0432 0433 :: 0434 0435 implicitFreeSurface=.TRUE., 0436 0437 Selects the barotropic pressure equation to be the implicit free 0438 surface formulation. 0439 0440 - Line 32, 0441 0442 :: 0443 0444 exactConserv=.TRUE., 0445 0446 Select a more accurate conservation of properties at the surface 0447 layer by including the horizontal velocity divergence to update the 0448 free surface. 0449** Warning **
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0450 - Line 33–35 0451 0452 :: 0453 0454 nonlinFreeSurf=3, 0455 hFacInf=0.2, 0456 hFacSup=2.0, 0457 0458 Select the nonlinear free surface formulation and set lower and upper 0459 limits for the free surface excursions. 0460 0461 - Line 39-40, 0462 0463 :: 0464 0465 readBinaryPrec=64, 0466 writeBinaryPrec=64, 0467 0468 Sets format for reading binary input datasets and writing binary 0469 output datasets containing model fields to use 64-bit representation 0470 for floating-point numbers. 0471 0472 - Line 45, 0473 0474 :: 0475 0476 cg2dMaxIters=200, 0477 0478 Sets maximum number of iterations the 2-D conjugate 0479 gradient solver will use, **irrespective of convergence criteria 0480 being met**. 0481 0482 - Line 46, 0483 0484 :: 0485 0486 cg2dTargetResidual=1.E-13, 0487 0488 Sets the tolerance which the 2-D conjugate gradient 0489 solver will use to test for convergence in 0490 :eq:`elliptic-backward-free-surface` to 0491 :math:`1 \times 10^{-9}`. Solver will iterate until tolerance falls 0492 below this value or until the maximum number of solver iterations 0493 is reached. 0494 0495 - Line 51, 0496 0497 :: 0498 0499 startTime=0, 0500 0501 Sets the starting time for the model internal time counter. When set 0502 to non-zero, this option implicitly requests a checkpoint file be read 0503 for initial state. By default the checkpoint file is named according 0504 to the integer number of time steps in the :varlink:`startTime` value. The 0505 internal time counter works in seconds. 0506** Warning **
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0507 - Line 52–54, 0508 0509 :: 0510 0511 endTime=8640000., 0512 # after 100 years of intergration, one gets a reasonable flow field 0513 #endTime=3110400000., 0514 0515 Sets the time (in seconds) at which this simulation will terminate. 0516 At the end of a simulation a checkpoint file is automatically written 0517 so that a numerical experiment can consist of multiple stages. The 0518 commented out setting for endTime is for a 100 year simulation. 0519** Warning **
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0520 - Line 55–57, 0521 0522 :: 0523 0524 deltaTmom = 1200.0, 0525 deltaTtracer = 172800.0, 0526 deltaTfreesurf = 172800.0, 0527 0528 Sets the timestep :math:`\delta t_{v}` used in the momentum 0529 equations to 20 minutes and the timesteps 0530 :math:`\delta t_{\theta}` in the tracer equations and 0531 :math:`\delta t_{\eta}` in the implicit free surface equation to 0532 48 hours. See :numref:`time_stepping`. 0533 0534 - Line 60, 0535 0536 :: 0537 0538 pChkptFreq =3110400000., 0539 0540 write a pickup file every 100 years of integration. 0541 0542 - Line 61-63, 0543 0544 :: 0545 0546 dumpFreq = 3110400000., 0547 taveFreq = 3110400000., 0548 monitorFreq = 1., 0549 0550 write model output and time-averaged model output every 100 years, 0551 and monitor statistics every model time step (this is set for testing purposes; change to a 0552 larger number for long integrations). 0553** Warning **
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0554 - Line 64–66, 0555 0556 :: 0557 0558 periodicExternalForcing=.TRUE., 0559 externForcingPeriod=2592000., 0560 externForcingCycle=31104000., 0561 0562 Allow periodic external forcing: set one month forcing period during which 0563 a single time slice of data is valid, and the repeat cycle to one 0564 year. Thus, external forcing files will contain twelve periods of forcing data. 0565 0566 - Line 67, 0567 0568 :: 0569 0570 tauThetaClimRelax=5184000.0, 0571 0572 Set the restoring timescale to 2 months. 0573 0574 - Line 59, 0575 0576 :: 0577 0578 abEps=0.1, 0579 0580 Adams-Bashforth factor (see :numref:`adams-bashforth`). 0581 0582 - Line 72, 0583 0584 :: 0585 0586 usingSphericalPolarGrid=.TRUE., 0587 0588 Select spherical grid. 0589** Warning **
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0590 - Line 73–74, 0591 0592 :: 0593 0594 dXspacing=4., 0595 dYspacing=4., 0596 0597 Set the horizontal grid spacing in degrees spherical distance. 0598** Warning **
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0599 - Line 77–81, 0600 0601 :: 0602 0603 delR=7103300.720021, ... 0604 0605 set the layer thickness in pressure units, starting with the bottom 0606 layer. 0607** Warning **
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0608 - Line 87–96, 0609 0610 :: 0611 0612 bathyFile='topog.box' 0613 ploadFile='deltageopotjmd95.bin' 0614 hydrogThetaFile='lev_t.bin', 0615 hydrogSaltFile ='lev_s.bin', 0616 zonalWindFile ='trenberth_taux.bin', 0617 meridWindFile ='trenberth_tauy.bin', 0618 thetaClimFile ='lev_sst.bin', 0619 surfQFile ='shi_qnet.bin', 0620 EmPmRFile ='shi_empmr.bin', 0621 0622 These lines specify the names of the files holding the bathymetry 0623 data set, the time-independent geopotential height anomaly at the 0624 bottom, initial conditions of temperature and salinity, wind stress 0625 forcing fields, sea surface temperature climatology, heat flux, and 0626 fresh water flux (evaporation minus precipitation minus runoff) at 0627 the surface. See file descriptions in section 0628 :numref:`sec_eg-globalpressure-config`. 0629 0630 Other lines in the file :filelink:`input/data <verification/tutorial_global_oce_in_p/input/data>` 0631 are standard values that are described in the :numref:`customize_model`. 0632 0633 File :filelink:`input/data.pkg <verification/tutorial_global_oce_in_p/input/data.pkg>` 0634 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 0635 0636 This file uses standard default values and does not contain 0637 customizations for this experiment. 0638 0639 File :filelink:`input/eedata <verification/tutorial_global_oce_in_p/input/eedata>` 0640 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 0641 0642 This file uses standard default values and does not contain 0643 customizations for this experiment. 0644 0645 File ``input/topog.bin`` 0646 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 0647 0648 This file is a 2-D (:math:`x,y`) map of depths. This file is 0649 assumed to contain 64-bit binary numbers giving the depth of the model 0650 at each grid cell, ordered with the :math:`x` coordinate varying fastest. The 0651 points are ordered from low coordinate to high coordinate for both axes. 0652 The units and orientation of the depths in this file are the same as 0653 used in the MITgcm code (Pa for this experiment). In this experiment, a 0654 depth of 0 Pa indicates a land point (wall) and a depth of 0655 >0 Pa indicates open ocean. 0656 0657 File ``input/deltageopotjmd95.box`` 0658 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 0659 0660 The file contains twelve identical 2-D maps (:math:`x,y`) of 0661 geopotential height anomaly at the bottom at rest. The values have been 0662 obtained by vertically integrating the hydrostatic equation with the 0663 initial density field (using ``input/lev_t.bin`` and ``input/lev_s.bin``). This file has to be 0664 consistent with the temperature and salinity field at rest and the choice 0665 of equation of state! 0666 0667 Files ``input/lev_t.bin`` and ``input/lev_s.bin`` 0668 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 0669 0670 The files ``input/lev_t.bin`` and ``input/lev_s.bin`` specify the initial conditions for 0671 temperature and salinity for every grid point in a 3-D 0672 array (:math:`x,y,z`). The data are obtain by interpolating monthly mean 0673 values using Levitus and Boyer (1994a,b) :cite:`levitus:94a,levitus:94b` for January onto the model grid. 0674 Keep in mind that the first index corresponds to the bottom layer and 0675 highest index to the surface layer. 0676 0677 Files ``input/trenberth_taux.bin`` and ``input/trenberth_tauy.bin`` 0678 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 0679 0680 The files ``input/trenberth_taux.bin`` and ``input/trenberth_tauy.bin`` contain twelve 0681 2-D (:math:`x,y`) maps of zonal and meridional wind stress 0682 values, :math:`\tau_{x}` and :math:`\tau_{y}`, respectively, in 3-D arrays (:math:`x,y,t`). 0683 These are monthly mean 0684 values from Trenberth et al. (1990) :cite:`trenberth:90`, units of N m\ :sup:`-2`. 0685 0686 File ``input/lev_sst.bin`` 0687 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 0688 0689 The file ``input/lev_sst.bin`` contains twelve monthly surface temperature 0690 climatologies from Levitus and Boyer (1994b) :cite:`levitus:94b` in a 3-D 0691 arrays (:math:`x,y,t`). 0692 0693 Files ``input/shi_qnet.bin`` and ``input/shi_empmr.bin`` 0694 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 0695 0696 The files ``input/shi_qnet.bin`` and ``input/shi_empmr.bin`` contain twelve monthly surface fluxes 0697 of heat (qnet) and freshwater (empmr) from Jiang et al. (1999) :cite:`jiang:99` in 0698 3-D arrays (:math:`x,y,t`). Both fluxes are normalized so 0699 that the total forcing over one year results in no net flux into the ocean (note, the freshwater 0700 flux is actually constant in time). 0701 0702 File :filelink:`code/SIZE.h <verification/tutorial_global_oce_in_p/code/SIZE.h>` 0703 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 0704 0705 The file :filelink:`code/SIZE.h <verification/tutorial_global_oce_in_p/code/SIZE.h>` is identical to that 0706 described in :ref:`tutorial global ocean simulation <sec_global_oce_latlon>`, for more specifics see :numref:`tut_global_oce_latlon_code_size`. 0707 0708 File :filelink:`code/CPP_OPTIONS.h <verification/tutorial_global_oce_in_p/code/CPP_OPTIONS.h>` 0709 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 0710 0711 This file uses standard default values except for: 0712 0713 - ``#define`` :varlink:`ATMOSPHERIC_LOADING` 0714 0715 enables pressure loading which is abused to include the initial 0716 geopotential height anomaly. 0717 0718 - ``#define`` :varlink:`EXACT_CONSERV` 0719 0720 enables more accurate conservation properties to include the 0721 horizontal mass divergence in the free surface. 0722 0723 - ``#define`` :varlink:`NONLIN_FRSURF` 0724 0725 enables the nonlinear free surface. 0726
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